MG90S 9g Digital Servo 90-180° / 360° Top Metal Gear for Arduino RC Plane Robot - Image 1
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MG90S 9g Digital Servo 90-180° / 360° Top Metal Gear for Arduino RC Plane Robot

SG90 9G Micro Servo Motor for RC Helicopter Airplane Drone Arduino DIY Robot
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Description

⚙️ MG90S 9g Digital Servo 90°-180° / 360° Rotation Top Metal Gear Micro Servo for Arduino RC Plane Car Boat Robot

Overview

The MG90S 9g Digital Servo is a high-performance micro servo motor designed for Arduino projects, RC models, and robotic control.
It delivers precise movement and high torque in a compact size, featuring a reinforced top metal gear for durability and smooth plastic internals for quiet operation.

This servo is available in two rotation versions — 90°–180° for standard angular control and 360° continuous rotation for full rotation applications such as robot wheels and camera mounts.

Perfect for Arduino, ESP32, Raspberry Pi, and other microcontroller systems, it’s ideal for DIY automation, RC aircraft, cars, boats, and robotic arms.

⚙️ Key Features

  • 🔹 Two rotation options: 90°–180° (standard) or 360° (continuous)

  • 🔹 Designed for Arduino & Microcontroller projects

  • 🔹 High torque: 2 kg·cm @ 4.8 V

  • 🔹 Fast response: 0.11 s / 60° @ 4.8 V

  • 🔹 Top metal gear for strength, internal plastic gears for smooth motion

  • 🔹 JR/Futaba-compatible connector

  • 🔹 Lightweight 9 g design with included servo horns and screws

📊 Specifications

Parameter Description
Model MG90S
Rotation Type 90°-180° Standard / 360° Continuous
Weight 13.6 g
Dimensions 22.8 × 12.2 × 28.5 mm
Torque 2 kg·cm (4.8 V)
Speed 0.11 s / 60° (4.8 V)
Operating Voltage 4.8 V DC
Operating Temperature 0 °C – 55 °C
Plug Type JR / Futaba Universal
Gear Material Top Metal + Internal Plastic
Dead Zone 5 µs
Rotation Angle Options 90°, 180°, or 360° (PWM-dependent)
Servo Type Micro Digital Steering Gear
Accessories Included Servo Horns, Rocker Arms, Mount Screws
Compatibility Arduino, ESP32, Raspberry Pi, STM32, RC Receivers

🧩 Applications

✅ Arduino and ESP32 robotics
✅ RC planes, cars, and boats
✅ Pan-tilt camera systems
✅ Robotic arms and automation projects
✅ Educational and DIY servo control

📦 Package Includes

  • 1 × MG90S 9g Digital Servo (select 90–180° or 360° version)

  • 1 × Servo Horn and Rocker Arm Set

  • 1 × Mounting Screw Pack

📌 Code Examples – MG90S 9g Digital Servo

🔋 Overview

The MG90S 9g Digital Servo comes in two styles:

🔹 Standard Positional Servo (0–180°)
🔹 Continuous Rotation Servo (360°)

Both work great with Arduino, ESP32, RC projects, and robotics. This section shows how to control each type.

🔌 Wiring (Both Variants)

Servo Wire Connects To
Red 5V (Arduino/5V regulator)
Brown/Black GND
Orange/Yellow PWM signal (digital pin)

⚠ Servos can draw significant current. Use a separate 5V power supply with common ground — do not power directly from Arduino 5V when driving multiple servos or heavy loads.

📌 Part 1 — Standard MG90S Positional Servo (0–180°)

🧪 Arduino Example (Servo Library)

This example sets the servo to 0°, 90°, and 180° in a loop.

#include <Servo.h>

const int servoPin = 9;
Servo myServo;

void setup() {
myServo.attach(servoPin);
Serial.begin(9600);
}

void loop() {
Serial.println("0°");
myServo.write(0);
delay(1000);

Serial.println("90°");
myServo.write(90);
delay(1000);

Serial.println("180°");
myServo.write(180);
delay(1000);
}

📌 What it does:

  • 0 → full left

  • 90 → middle

  • 180 → full right

⚡ ESP32 Example (Positional Servo)

ESP32 uses ledc PWM channels since standard Servo.h doesn’t work reliably.

const int servoPin = 18;
const int freq = 50; // Standard servo refresh
const int channel = 0;
const int resolution = 8; // 8-bit resolution

void setServoAngle(int angle) {
// Map 0–180° to duty cycle range (~26–128)
int duty = map(angle, 0, 180, 26, 128);
ledcWrite(channel, duty);
}

void setup() {
Serial.begin(115200);

ledcSetup(channel, freq, resolution);
ledcAttachPin(servoPin, channel);

Serial.println("ESP32 Positional Servo Test");
}

void loop() {
setServoAngle(0);
delay(1000);

setServoAngle(90);
delay(1000);

setServoAngle(180);
delay(1000);
}

📌 Part 2 — Continuous Rotation Servo (360°)

Continuous servos don’t go to a specific angle — they spin in either direction. The “angle” value instead controls:

  • Direction

  • Speed

Typically:

  • ~90 → stop

  • <90 → rotate CCW

  • >90 → rotate CW

🧪 Arduino Example

#include <Servo.h>

const int servoPin = 9;
Servo myServo;

void setup() {
myServo.attach(servoPin);
Serial.begin(9600);
Serial.println("Continuous Servo Test");
}

void loop() {
Serial.println("Rotate CW");
myServo.write(120); // CW speed
delay(2000);

Serial.println("Stop");
myServo.write(90); // stop
delay(1000);

Serial.println("Rotate CCW");
myServo.write(60); // CCW speed
delay(2000);

Serial.println("Stop");
myServo.write(90);
delay(1000);
}

⚡ ESP32 Example (Continuous Servo)

const int servoPin = 18;
const int freq = 50;
const int channel = 0;
const int resolution = 8;

void setServoSpeed(int speed) {
// Map 0–180 to PWM duty phases
int duty = map(speed, 0, 180, 26, 128);
ledcWrite(channel, duty);
}

void setup() {
Serial.begin(115200);
ledcSetup(channel, freq, resolution);
ledcAttachPin(servoPin, channel);
}

void loop() {
setServoSpeed(120); // CW
delay(2000);

setServoSpeed(90); // stop
delay(1000);

setServoSpeed(60); // CCW
delay(2000);

setServoSpeed(90); // stop
delay(1000);
}

🧠 How to Tell Which Version You Have

Feature Positional (0-180) Continuous (360)
Moves to specific angle ✅ ❌
Spins continuously ❌ ✅
Useful for robotics/drive wheels ⚠ ✔
Useful for pan/tilt ✔ ⚠

🧪 Tips & Best Practices

✔ Use a separate 5 V power supply for servos (especially 2+ servos)
✔ Common ground between servo power and MCU
✔ Add a large capacitor (1000 µF+) across servo power for stability
✔ For continuous servos, start with values near 90 until you find your stop point

🎯 Quick Reference

Positional

servo.write(0); // left
servo.write(90); // center
servo.write(180); // right

Continuous

servo.write(90); // stop
servo.write(120); // forward
servo.write(60); // reverse

📌 Using MG90S Servos With the PCA9685 16-Channel Driver

📋 Why use the PCA9685?

The PCA9685 gives you:

  • 16 channels of perfect 50 Hz servo PWM

  • Zero jitter (hardware timed)

  • Only uses 2 wires from the MCU (I²C)

  • Safe for controlling many servos at once

  • Works with Arduino, ESP32, Raspberry Pi

Perfect for both 0–180° positional servos and 360° continuous rotation servos.

🔌 Wiring – PCA9685 + MG90S + Arduino

🟦 PCA9685 Power & I²C

PCA9685 Pin Connect To
VCC 3.3V or 5V (logic power)
GND GND
SDA A4 (Arduino UNO)
SCL A5 (Arduino UNO)
V+ 5V servo power supply
GND Same ground as Arduino

🔋 Servo Power Reminder

MG90S should not be powered from Arduino 5V.
Use a dedicated 5V 2A+ supply, and share ground with the PCA9685 + Arduino.

📌 Example 1 – 180° Positional Servo With PCA9685 (Arduino)

This example moves the servo to 0°, 90°, 180°.

#include <Wire.h>
#include <Adafruit_PWMServoDriver.h>

Adafruit_PWMServoDriver pwm = Adafruit_PWMServoDriver();

#define SERVO_FREQ 50 // Standard servo frequency (50Hz)

// Pulse range for most MG90S servos
#define SERVOMIN 130 // Minimum pulse length out of 4096
#define SERVOMAX 520 // Maximum pulse length out of 4096

void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
pwm.begin();
pwm.setPWMFreq(SERVO_FREQ);

delay(500);
}

void setServoAngle(uint8_t channel, int angle) {
int pulse = map(angle, 0, 180, SERVOMIN, SERVOMAX);
pwm.setPWM(channel, 0, pulse);
}

void loop() {
setServoAngle(0, 0);
delay(1000);

setServoAngle(0, 90);
delay(1000);

setServoAngle(0, 180);
delay(1000);
}

📌 Example 2 – 360° Continuous Servo With PCA9685 (Arduino)

For 360° continuous rotation:

  • 90° = stop

  • >90° = CW

  • <90° = CCW

#include <Wire.h>
#include <Adafruit_PWMServoDriver.h>

Adafruit_PWMServoDriver pwm = Adafruit_PWMServoDriver();

#define SERVO_FREQ 50
#define SERVOMIN 130
#define SERVOMAX 520

void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
pwm.begin();
pwm.setPWMFreq(SERVO_FREQ);
}

void setServoSpeed(uint8_t channel, int speed) {
// speed = 0–180 (90 = stop)
int pulse = map(speed, 0, 180, SERVOMIN, SERVOMAX);
pwm.setPWM(channel, 0, pulse);
}

void loop() {
Serial.println("CW Rotation");
setServoSpeed(0, 120); // CW
delay(2000);

Serial.println("Stop");
setServoSpeed(0, 90); // Stop
delay(1000);

Serial.println("CCW Rotation");
setServoSpeed(0, 60); // CCW
delay(2000);

Serial.println("Stop");
setServoSpeed(0, 90);
delay(1000);
}

⚡ ESP32 Example (Positional Servos + PCA9685)

ESP32 works identically — same library and code.

#include <Wire.h>
#include <Adafruit_PWMServoDriver.h>

Adafruit_PWMServoDriver pwm = Adafruit_PWMServoDriver();

#define SERVO_FREQ 50
#define SERVOMIN 130
#define SERVOMAX 520

void setup() {
Serial.begin(115200);
Wire.begin(21, 22); // ESP32 default SDA/SCL pins
pwm.begin();
pwm.setPWMFreq(SERVO_FREQ);
}

void setServoAngle(int channel, int angle) {
int pulse = map(angle, 0, 180, SERVOMIN, SERVOMAX);
pwm.setPWM(channel, 0, pulse);
}

void loop() {
setServoAngle(0, 0);
delay(1000);

setServoAngle(0, 90);
delay(1000);

setServoAngle(0, 180);
delay(1000);
}

🎯 Recommended Add-Ons (great for cross-selling)

You can add this section at the bottom to help boost conversions:

Works perfectly with:

  • PCA9685 16-Channel Servo Driver Module

  • 5V 3A regulated power supply

  • Dupont jumper wires

  • Servo extension leads

  • Metal servo horn upgrade kits

Additional information

Weight N/A
Dimensions N/A
Degree

90-180, 360

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